Restoring Mangrove Lagoons in Sri Lanka

This year, mangrove trees will be planted on government lands, which are maintained by the coastal conservation department. The mangrove seedlings, most of which were grown in our partner’s nursery, include the species Rhizophora, Avicennia marina, and Ceriops tagal. Many cottage industries in Sri Lanka, including mat mending and fishing material construction, depend on healthy mangroves. These industries are central to the livelihoods of coastal fisherwomen, helping them support their families and secure a higher standard of living. 

Mangrove trees form critical habitat for fish, crustaceans, and other marine mammals. They provide nesting and breeding grounds for many bird species, demersal fish species, shrimp, and other wildlife. They also protect eggs, create shelter for brooding, and foster essential food sources for adult, larvae, juvenile, and fingerling fish.

In addition to supporting local livelihoods and forming critical biodiversity habitat, Mangroves provide a powerful buffer against erosion, typhoons, and tidal waves — and can help prevent much of the destruction associated with these natural disasters. All of these functions underscore the central role they play in maintaining healthy, vibrant ecosystems — and protecting the incredible diversity of life that Sri Lanka is known for.

Native and fruit trees are also being planted in 200 schools from the Vavuniya and Trincomalee districts, across 100 villages — and include teak, sandalwood, mahogany, coconut, mulberry, mango, guava, and jackfruit. These trees are being planted in coalition with educational directors, rural development societies, youth forums, and sports clubs.

Planting native trees in schools benefits students by providing shade and regulating temperatures. It also fosters learning opportunities about the importance of, and methods to, restore the environment. 

Planting fruit trees provides nutrition and income, and will be particularly beneficial in rural villages that are still recovering from the economic impacts of the war. After planting, members of fisherman cooperatives and school societies will monitor and report on the growing trees, implementing remedial measures as needed. 

Similarly, our 2021 project engaged fishing communities in the Mannar and Kilinochchi districts. This project exclusively planted mangrove trees for coastal restoration, and included Rhizophora, Avicennia marina, and Ceriops. Participants learned and applied knowledge about integrated management of coastal resources, mangrove planting and management, and the effects of coastal pollution.